2021年上海闵行文绮中学第一学期高中一年级英语期中试题

闵行文绮中学第一学期高中一年级期中试题

I. Listening Comprehension

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A 

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Mars fascinates people all around the world. The Red Planet 21__________  by astronomers and scientists for hundreds of years. Perhaps it is Mars’ similarity to Earth that gets people so excited. The surface of the planet is covered by features 22 __________ are very familiar to human eyes: volcanoes, valleys and huge deserts. Like Earth, Mars also has ice caps and the poles. 23 __________ is expected, all these similarities have encouraged a belief in “Martians”.

In the early twentieth century, some people even claimed that we were being watched by aliens, and that they planned to invade or destroy Earth. By the time the first missions reached Mars in the 1970s, hundreds of books and films 24__________  describing the world 25 __________the aliens lived. To the excitement of scientists and the public, robot vehicles were sent to explore the surface of the planet. People 26__________  their breath and waited to see the first images of an alien world. The pictures the robot sent back were27__________ . They showed a barren, empty landscape.

Most people were convinced that Mars must be a dead planet, and that any life there ended millions of years ago. However, mankind has not given up on Mars. NASA has recently announced that plans are made to send a manned mission to Mars by the year 2035. Other space programmes in Europe and Asia also want to explore the planet further,28__________ to learn more about the Universe and the future of Earth. Some people          29 __________are against the Mars programme. They claim that a huge amount of money is going to be wasted on the mission, money that could be spent on projects closer to home, like housing and feeding people. In reply, space scientists stress that the benefits of studying Mars 30 __________ clearer in the future. In fifty years, more of Earth’s natural resources will be used up or destroyed. The study of Mars could provide vital clues about how to ensure a better future for our own planet.

【答案】

21. has been studied 22. which/that   23. As    24. had been produced 25. where  26.held  

27.  disappointing 28. hoping        29. who      30. will be made

【分析】

21. 考查时态语态结合。for hundreds of years可看出用现完，又由于The Red Planet是被研究的，因此用目前完成被动。

22. 考查定语从句，features是先行词，没限制性用条件，在从句中做be familiar的宾语。

23. 考查固定搭配。As is expected正如所预料的那样。

24. 考查时态语态结合。By the time...in the 1970s，可看出用过去完成时，books和films是被制作的.

25. 考查定语从句。先行词是the world，后面是the aliens lived in the world。

26. 考查前后结构平行问题。后面用and连接的waited可看出前面填写hold的相应的过去式。

27. 考查系表结构。Be+形容词 机器人发送回来的图片是让人失望的。

28. 考查非谓语。hope的主语是“ Other space programmes”是主动的。

29. 考查定语从句。People是主语，从句中缺少主语，指人用who.

30. 考查时态语态结合。In the future用一般以后时，益处将会被说明了解。

Section B

Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Not so far in the distant past， a study on water pollution found that common，everyday makeup products being washed down the drain was ending up in well and drinking water．Now a study has found that people pollute themselves．Many of the pollutants are linked to cancer and other serious health 31___．What's the 32__________ cause of this pollution？Common household items appear to be used more by women than men．These include makeup，hair spray and commercial，chemically-made perfumes which are perfumes that are33___advertised as having some sort of beneficial effect on the body and are even suggested as a replacement for natural essential oils．Studies on the 34 __________ of fragrance oils and health benefits have been uncertain，something neglected to be mentioned．If the chemical scent has cancer-causing properties，it may not make sense to try and use it for helping you sleep or 35___your blood pressure．Manufacturers argue that the risk is non-existent as the levels of chemicals found in the tests were so small．However，with over 60chemicals being found，many of which were non-existent before the turn of the century，researchers make note that these chemicals may be enough to cause problems．

Since the products mentioned are often used by women，it leaves one to wonder if conditions，36___heard of before the turn of the century，are linked to man-made chemicals? Perfumes in particular，have been linked to asthma（哮喘） and other 37___ reactions．Some groups are asking the government to order manufacturers to place 38___labels on each bottle．

Essential oils and real fragrance oils provide a wonderful 39___to commercial fragrances．They also have other properties and effects on the body which have been scientifically proven. In 40__________，you can actually formulate your own scent quite easily!There are many books on perfume properties and the use of essential oils，some quite in-depth and others rather fun．Nowadays there are also many companies making perfumes from pure essential oils．

【答案】 31-35 BKFEA     46-50 DGCHK

【分析】

考查细节推理，依据句意Many of the pollutants are linked to cancer and other serious health 不少的污染物与癌症与其他紧急的健康"情况"有联系．可知本题答案为B选项"情况；条件"．

考查逻辑思维，依据题意，应该是污染的重要原因．“key 做形容词是主要的、重点的，作为名词是钥匙，答案”

考查细节推理，依据句意These are perfumes that are__________ advertised as having some sort of beneficial effect…这类是那些"频繁地"被广告的香水，它们有某种有益有哪些用途…可知本题答案为F选项"频繁地"．

考查细节推理，依据句意Studies on the __________ of fragrance oils and health benefits have been uncertain，something neglected to be mentioned．对于香水油__________与健康好处的研究还是"不可以使人信服的"

考查词汇搭配，减少血压。依据句意If the chemical scent has cancer-causing properties，it may not make sense to try and use it for helping you sleep or __________ your blood pressure．假如化学香味里含有致癌的物质，那样尝试用它来帮你睡眠或者是__________大概"讲不通"。

考查题目大意，依据句意it leaves one to wonder if conditions，__________heard of before the turn of the century，are linked to man-made chemicals？它使人想是不是如此的情况--好像在本世纪前还未听过，与人造的化学物质有关．

考查句子意思剖析,依据句意Perfumes in particular，have been linked to asthma and other __________ reactions．特别是化学香水与哮喘及其它敏锐的反应有关．

考查细节推理，依据句意Some groups are asking the government to order manufacturers to place__________labels on each bottle．一些团队正在需要政府命令制造商在每一个瓶子上贴上"警示"标签．

考词性判断和搭配，提供很棒的...缺少名词。依据句意Essential oils and real fragrance oils provide a wonderful __________to commercial fragrances．精油和真的的香水油给商业香水提供了一种非常不错的"替代品"．

考查题意和固定搭配，依据句意In__________，you can actually formulate your own scent quite easily!There are many books on perfume properties and the use of essential oils．__________，事实上你一个人也可以随便地搭配你一个人的香味，有不少关于香水"混合"及精油用的书．

点评 本文是一篇阅读填空，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出有关语句进行仔细剖析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住重点句子的基础上适当的剖析才能得出正确的答案． 

III. Reading Comprehension ____________________, you have probably seen some of the more famous abstract paintings before. You may recall a famous abstract painting created by Van Gogh. Picasso also had a painting or two as well. Modigliani is also known for his abstract painting work. Because of these artists, and many others, this kind of painting has gained____________________in the modern world.

Now what____________________is an abstract painting? An abstract painting is____________________in many ways. First of all, an abstract painting does not show____________________like traditional paintings. In the beginning, most art was showing a realistic____________________of someone or something.____________________an abstract painting does not do this. The definition of an abstract painting is that an abstract painting does not show objects in the____________________world. Rather, an abstract painting uses colors and shapes in a non-representing and____________________manner. It can be of anyone, anything, or just nothing at all.

You can easily see this when you look at an abstract painting. An abstract painting has bold, bright, and vivid____________________. An abstract painting also has many biometric shapes that are used with the bold colors to make the artwork____________________. It is both strange and beautiful to__________

an abstract painting.

In the 1940's a movement called "Abstract expressionism" was started. This movement was started to show the____________________of an artist's expression and to push the art of abstract painting. It was started in New York in a school that also called it "Action Painting." This school was one of the first American schools that declared its____________________from the European style of artwork. They liked to think of their art as a form of spiritual and intellectual art. This then further pushed the art of abstract painting.

Now that you know the____________________of the art of abstract painting, you may come to understand it better. It is important to appreciate all forms of art, including the odd art of an abstract painting. You may find yourself wanting to get a piece of this artwork for yourself. It is truly an interesting thing to look at.

【答案】41-45 ADBAC 46-50 DBADB 51-55 CADBB

【剖析】

41.考查介词词组。A. in fact 事实上 B. in short 简而言之 C. for example 比如 D.by contrast相比之下“事实上，你可能已经看过一些更著名的抽象画了。”故选A。

42.考查名词。A. profit 收益B.expectation 期望 虽然C. impression 印象D. popularity 普及，时尚。“因为这类艺术家和很多其他的艺术家，抽象绘画艺术在现代世界中得到了普及。”选D。

43.考查副词。A. legally 合法地B.exactly正是，恰好地C. namely即，也就是 D. extremely很，及其。“那样什么是抽象画呢?”，故选B。

44.考查动词。A. define 概念B. decide 决定C. paint 绘画D. create 创造。“抽象画有不少概念。”依据句意可知选A。

45.考查名词。A. life 生活B. scene场面，情景C. reality现实D. world世界 “第一，抽象画不像传统绘画那样描绘现实。”故选C。

46.考查名词。A. expectation 期望，预期B. approach 办法，渠道C. possibility可能性D.  expression 表达，表情。“在刚开始，大部分艺术都是描绘某人或某事的照片或现实表达。”依据句意可知选D。

47.考查连词。A. and 和，然后 B. but但 C. for 由于D. as 因为。“但抽象画并不可以做到这一点。”选B。

48.考查形容词。A. natural 自然的，天生的不吸引人的 B. outside外部的C. modern D. real真实的。故选A。

49.考查形容词。D

50.考查名词。B

51.考查动词词组。C

52.考查动词词组。A

53.考查名词。D

54.考查名词。B

55.考查名词。B

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

Fast food and too much TV time should not take all the blame for the weight problems. A group of researchers say that a number of aspects of modern living from lack of sleep to environmental chemicals and to living with air conditioning—may be closely related to the weight problems of many people.

Lack of sleep is one of factors. Researches in animals and humans suggest that a lack of sleep over a long time can increase appetite. Studies also show that many adults and children are sleeping less than they used to. In recent decades, adults have gone from sleeping for all average of nine hours to about seven hours.

There is also evidence that industrial chemicals may increase body fat. These chemicals, which are used in products, change hormonal activity when they get into the body. Studies suggest that people have been getting more and more of these chemicals through the food chain in recent decades.

Another factor that may be making people overweight is air conditioning. The body burns calories when forced to eat less in hot and wet weather, but air conditioning makes it unnecessary for the body to make any adjustment.

Researchers also list other possible risk factors for overweight, including more older mothers, whose children may become overweight more easily; a number of medicines which can lead to weight gain; and fewer people who smoke, since people often gain weight when they sTOP smoking because nicotine can make people eat less.

No one is suggesting that people should sTOP working and sleep more, or keep smoking. When it comes to saying any person’s weight, what really matters is how much they eat and how much of the food they use every day. That means diet and exercise are still the key.

The main idea of the passage is that _________________________________.

fast food and TV doesn’t lead to weight problems

modern living is not as good as life in the past

overweight can be caused by many factors

weight problems are more serious than ever

Which is NOT the direct cause of weight?

The increase of one’s appetite and eating more.

The change of the chemical composition in the body.

The change of hormonal activity.

The decrease in the burning calories.

The falling of smoking rate is a factor of weight problems because __________________.

nicotine is a potential overweight risk element

the body can’t adjust to the absence of nicotine

the absence of nicotine leads to a poor appetite

people’s appetite increases when they don’t smoke

We may infer from the last paragraph that____________________.

people should keep a balance between calorie intake and the burning of calories

people should eat more and exercise more to keep a balance

people should not use air conditioning on a hot day

smoking is a good way to sTOP the weight problems

【答案】56.C 57.B 58.D 59.A

【剖析】

首段提到“一组研究职员说，现代生活的很多方面，从睡眠不足到环境化学物质，再到空调，可能与很多人的体重问题密切有关。”，故答案是C。

第三段提到化学物质通过改变荷尔蒙的活动来增加体内脂肪，故答案是B。

文章倒数第二段提到“大家戒烟后体重会增加，由于尼古丁会叫人吃得更少”，故答案是D。

文章最后一段说到，真的要紧的是他们天天吃了多少和消耗了多少食物，故答案是A。

（B）

Dear Parents,

As we start the second half of the spring term, I thought it important to update you on some key developments.

__________

We have entered into an exciting new collaboration with Bassaleg Comprehension School, Duffryn High School, St Joseph’s High School, and Coleg Gwent—The Newport West Post-16 partnership. We will be working together to deliver nearly 40 different courses at other schools and likewise, students from other schools will study some subjects here. Information about the courses available to students can be found on the partnership website www. Newftartwest. corn. uk.

__________

I would take this opportunity to remind all parents that students are not permitted to wear non-school uniform cardigans in Newport High School. It is the responsibility of parents to make sure your son or daughter wears the correct uniform to school. This includes completely black shoes. Over the next half term we will be working with students to develop a cardigan with the school logo which will provide an alternative to the current school jacket.

School Catering（餐饮服务）

We are currently seeking a new company to provide school meals. Our new catering provider will be in place at the start of the summer term and will be working with students, parents and staff to provide improvements to our current provision. I look forward to keeping you updated on this development.

Some key dates for you to be aware of over the next half term are:

Your faithfully,

Karyn Keane

60. What can be learned about the new collaboration?

A．It involves four schools altogether.

B．Course information will be mailed to every student.

C．Students can choose as many courses as they want.

D．It allows students to learn at other schools.

61. When will the new catering company start working?

A．In May B．In April C．in March D．In June

62. What do we know from the passage?

A．Students will develop a logo for the school.

B．All parents will be invited to school on 23rd March

C．Students won’t go to school on 1st April.

D．The letter was written at the start of the spring term.

【答案】60.D   61.A   62.C

【分析】

60.D 细节题。依据We have entered into an exciting new collaboration with Bassaleg Comprehension School, Duffryn High School, St Joseph’s High School, and Coleg Gwent—The Newport West Post-16 partnership.可知他们和不少其他的学校有合作，他们的学生也可以到其他的学校去学习。故D正确。

A 推理题。依据Our new catering provider will be in place at the start of the summer term；  Tuesday 3rd May   Start of Summer Term可知是在5月份的时候开始的。故A正确。

C 细节题。依据Friday 1st April --Teacher Training Day 可知在4月1日，教师进行培训，学校是关闭的，学生无需上学。故C正确。

（C）

A therapy-animal trend attracts the United States. The San Francisco airport uses a pig to calm tired travelers. Universities nationwide bring dogs onto campus to relieve students during finals. And that duck on a plane? It might be an emotional-support animal prescribed by a mental health professional.

The trend, which has been gaining popularity hugely since its initial stirrings a few decades ago, is strengthened by a widespread belief that interaction with animals can reduce distress whether it happens over belief physical contact at the airport or in long-term relationships at home. Certainly the groups offering up pets think so, as do some mental health professionals. But the popular embrace of pets as furry therapists is causing growing discomfort among some researchers in the field, who say it has raced far ahead of scientific evidence.

Earlier this year in the Journal of Applied Development Science, an introduction to articles on “animal -assisted intervention” said research into its effectiveness “remains in its infancy.” A recent literature review by Molly Crossman, a Yale University doctoral candidate who recently wrapped up one study involving an 8-year-old dog named Pardner, cited a “vague body of evidence” that sometimes has shown positive short-term effects, often found no effect and occasionally identified higher rates of distress.

Overall, Crossman wrote, animals seem to be helpful in a “small-to-medium” way, but it’s unclear whether the animals deserve the credit or something else is at play.

“It’s a field that has been sort of carried forward by the beliefs of practitioners” who have seen patients’ mental health improve after working with or adopting animals, said James Serpell, director of the Centre for the Interaction of Animals and Society at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine. “That kind of thing has almost driven the field, and the research is playing catch-up. In other words, people are recognizing that stories aren’t enough.”

Using animals in mental health setting is nothing new. In the 17th century, a Quaker-run retreat in England encouraged mentally ill patients to interact with animals on its grounds. Sigmund Freud often included one of his dogs in psychoanalysis sessions. Yet the subject did not become a research target until the American psychologist Boris Levinson began writing in the 1960s about the positive effect his dog Jingles had on patients.

But the evidence to date is problematic, according to Crossman’s review and others before it. Most studies had small sample sizes, she wrote, and an “alarming numbers” did not control for other possible reasons for a changed stress level, such as interaction with animal’s human handler. Studies also tend to generalize across animals, she noted. If participants are measurably relieved by one golden retriever, that doesn’t mean another dog---or another species--will arouse the same response.

 According to the passage, what makes the therapy-animal trend more popular?

It has been in existence for no less than twenty years.

Mental health professionals have managed to cure patients with animals.

It is widely assumed that staying with animals can make people happier.

There is much related research to show that animals do good to some patients.

Molly Crossman is quoted in the passage to ____ .

illustrate more scientific evidence is needed that animals are effective therapists.

highlight the importance of practitioners’ beliefs in the field of animal therapies.

question Srepell’s view that animals deserve the credit in helping patients.

criticize people for their taking human-animal stories too seriously.

What can be inferred from the passage?

Animal-assisted intervention turns out to be of more use than people think.

It is hard to see how many reasons there are for people to benefit from animals.

Research findings relating to one breed of dogs may not apply to another breed.

Small sample sizes can sometimes produce reliable effects in human-animal studies

Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

More evidence found for dog-human relationship

Potential effects dogs have on patients

Therapeutic animal: nothing new

Good dog, good therapist?

【答案】63.C 64.A 65.C 66.D

【剖析】

63.文章第二段的首句意思即可得，本题题干是对第二段首句的同义讲解，故选A。

64.依据第四段，it’s unclear whether the animals deserve the credit or something else is at play.

可知现有些证据是不可以够充分证明动物能够帮助缓解重压的，故选A。

65.依据文章末可知，一类型型动物身上出现的实验结果未必出目前另一种类动物身上，故选D。

66.本文主如果针对与动物的互动能够帮助人类解压的论点给出了两个实验结果加以推理和批判，故D项能概括全文。

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only one. Note that there are two more sentences that you need.

Humans use electricity to light up the night sky. But did you know that nature itself can glow

The boss won’t allow _____ the schedule because it will cuase much inconvenience.

The manager disscussed the plan that they hope to see ______ the next year.\

By the end of next Friday, Tom _____here for three monthes.

________his party to power for the fourth time , he becomes famous among western leaders.

Everyone ______quietly when suddenly the door was burst open.

----Who _____this article____for ?

Don’t take his remarks too seriously. He was so upset that I didn’t think he really ____what he was saying.

At the news, he let out an ______scream.

My teacher advised me _________________________________________

最后一分钟的进球使这支队伍失去了胜利的机会。 （rob）

The goal at the last minute ______________________________________

需要爱心和子照料的宠物不合适那些没空余时间的人群。（suitable）

Pets_____________________________________________________________

演讲者的幽默值得称道。（which）

The lecturer’s ______________________________________________________

大家已经意识到了环境保护的重要程度，因此他们正在尽心竭力的保护生态平衡。（aware）

As people ___________________________________________________________are sparing no effort to keep the balance of nature.

【答案】

to take a summer course to improve my spoken English

Robbed the team of its victory

which need love and care are not suitable for people with little spare time

sense of humor is worth praising

have been aware of the importance of environmrntal protection

【分析】

理解所给单词意思与学会建议advise 的使用方法，advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事

Rob为打劫此处翻译为剥夺，rob sb of sth

注意句子当中包括一个定于从句，.....的宠物，先行词为which

Be worth doing 值得被......主动表示被动

Be aware of 意识到......